Vidisha is a historic city located in the state of Madhya Pradesh, India, situated on the eastern side of the Betwa River. Formerly known as Besnagar, it has a rich and ancient past, dating back to the 6th century BCE. The city played a significant role in ancient Indian history, serving as an important trade center and a prominent Buddhist site during the Maurya and Sunga periods. Emperor Ashoka was once the governor of Vidisha before ascending the throne. The city is renowned for its archaeological sites, including the Udaygiri Caves, which house some of the oldest Hindu rock-cut caves, and the Heliodorus Pillar, also known as the Kham Baba, a monolithic column erected by a Greek ambassador in the 2nd century BCE dedicated to Vishnu. Vidisha is also known for its agricultural produce, particularly wheat and sugarcane. Today, it is a district headquarters and a growing urban center, blending its historical legacy with modern development. The cultural fabric of Vidisha is deeply rooted in its traditions, with numerous temples and festivals celebrated throughout the year. Its strategic location and historical significance continue to attract tourists and historians alike.